周口市气候条件对小麦生产的影响

根据 1953~2003年周口气象资料、小麦生育期观测和小麦产量资料,分析了气候条件对小麦生产的影响,结果表明:大部分年份 11月上旬之前有 1~2次>20mm的降水过程,有利于小麦播种;小麦越冬期气温较高,有地上部分停止生长、地下部分继续生长的特征,有利于形成壮苗;穗粒形成期无连阴雨的年份占 80%,日照相对充足,气温>10℃的日数长,延长小花分化时间,有利于成大穗; 5月份日照充足,气温日较差大,对小麦灌浆有利。小麦生产气候条件的劣势为:春季晚霜冻出现的几率为 10年 1遇,应注意防范 4月 10日之后出现的晚霜冻; 3~4月偏旱的年份较多,几乎 2年 1遇,应加强各种水资源的开发; 5月份出现干热风的几率为 2年 1遇,是影响小麦产量的重要气象因素。

The Impact of Climate Condition on Wheat Production in Zhoukou

Utilizing the meteorological data, materials in fertility season and its output quantity from 1953 to 2003, we analyzed the impact of climate condition on wheat production. Results indicate that there are once or twice precipitation courses which thickness are more than 20mm before first period of November in most of the years, which is favorable to sow wheat; If the temperature is higher during the winter, then the underground part will continue to grow while the part on the ground will stop growing, which is beneficial for the formation of strong seedling; During the period of spike's formation, it takes 80% for the years without continuous cloudy-rainy weather, the sunshine is relative enough and temperature difference is obvious in May, which is favorable to be in the milk. There are also some disadvantaged climate conditions: because late frost injury in spring happens every ten years, we should be on the lookout for it after 10th April; Drought happens almost every two years in march and April, so we should exploit all kinds of water reasonably; Dry wind, which emerges every two years in May, is a key factor to impact the wheat's output.