黔东南相当暴雨日数与雨日数的气候变化

利用1961—2015年共55 a黔东南地区16个气象观测站实时降水量观测资料,建立相当暴雨日数和雨日数的时间序列,分析黔东南地区相当暴雨日数与雨日数的时空变化特征。结果表明:黔东南相当暴雨日数的分布是以西南侧的雷公山脉为中心沿东北方向递减,雨日数则以东部和西部为大值区,南部和北部为小值区;相当暴雨日数主模态分别为西北—东南向递减的同位相型、西南—东北向为反位相型;雨日数主模态以西北至东部一线为中心,向两边递减的同位相分布,这与地形对降水机制影响有很大关系。相当暴雨日数呈上升趋势,雨日数在上世纪60年代中期至21世纪初相对稳定变化,之后呈下降趋势;相当暴雨日数和雨日数均具有2 a左右的主周期变化,雨日数还具有11 a左右的长周期变化。

The characteristics of climatic change of the number of equivalent torrential rain days and rainy days in southeast of guizhou

Using the real-time precipitation observation data of 16 meteorological observation stations from 1961-2015 in the southeast of guizhou, counted the number of equivalent torrential rain days and rainy days, and analyzed the characteristics of climate change. The results show that the number of equivalent torrential rain days decreased in the southwest of Leigong mountain along the northeast, the number of rainy days was more in the east and west, and less in the south and north. The first mode of the number of equivalent torrential rain days was decreasing from northwest to southeast, the second mode was invert phase, along the southwest to northeast; the main mode of the number of rainy days was the center of the northwest to the east, decreasing outward, these distributions are affected by topography. The number of equivalent torrential rain days was increasing and changed frequently, The number of rainy days was decreasing and relatively stable from the mid-1960s to the early 2000s, then the trend goes down; They all had two year cycle change, the number of days of rain also had a long cycle of 11 years.