历史时期青藏高原气候变化特征的初步分析

本文利用树木年轮资料、气象观测记录、历史文献记载和孢粉分析等,推断了青藏高原数千年来气候变化的基本概况,并划出气候适宜期、新冰川期、温暖期、现代小冰期和最近的升温期等五个时期。 分析表明,历史时期内高原上气候变化的趋势、大的冷暖期演变,大体上与我国其它地区一致,这是气侯变迁的相关性所致。同时,它又有与平原地区不同的特征,主要表现在气候变化的振幅较大,对气侯变化的敏感性也较强。由此还推论高原在同纬度带地区中,应属气候变化敏感区,主要表现对升温过程反映强烈。 此外,还对高原气候变化的周期性等规律予以分析。

SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLIMATIC CHANGES DURING THE HISTORICAL TIME OF QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU

Based on tree-ring data, records of meteorological observations, historical literature, pollen records and others, this paper analyzed the state of climatic change for last thousands of years of the plateau. It may be divided into five significant periods. The chief characteristics of climatic changes were analyzed. First, the certain basic features of the climatic variation of the plateau are similar to other zones of Northern Hemisphere, especially, close to those of East China. Secondly, according to the variability analysis, it can be shown that the plateau is the area of high variability. We have calculated two kinds of stability. All results show that Qinghai-Xizang plateau belongs to the sensitive area to climatic changes within the same latitude zone. Besides, by carrying out analysis on various series, we found some periodicities in climatic change of the plateau.