| 尿素作为过冷云冰核的实验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张铮,唐致美.尿素作为过冷云冰核的实验研究[J].气象学报,1986,44(3):347-351. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张铮 唐致美 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京大学地球物理系
(张铮)，吉林省气象科学研究所(唐致美) |
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| 摘 要： | 早在1956年日本的佐野(I.Sano)等人用扩散型小云室测定尿素在-14℃能出现较多的冰晶。1966—1969年美国的诺林贝格(R.G.Knollenbeng)测定尿素的成冰阈温为-15℃,尿素溶液滴的平均冻结温度为-16.8℃,但他认为“局部冷却”效应将会提高尿素的成冰能力,即尿素高速溶于水时高度吸热冷却达低共熔点温度(-11.4℃)成冰,因而使尿素成为优良冰核。根据国外报导,自1966年开始,我国北方一些省气象局,经常用飞机播撒尿素催化过冷云降水,仅吉林省每年用于尿素的费用(不计飞机等其他花费)就可超过万元。因此,为能正确评价野外试验效果和权衡这个支出是否值得,本文下面介绍对尿素微粒成冰阈温、成冰活化比以及尿素饱和溶液滴冻结温度的实验测定,给出我国对尿素的鉴定结果,并对尿素可否作为优良的过冷云冰核提出看法。
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| 收稿时间： | 1984/9/13 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2/7/1985 12:00:00 AM |
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON UREA AS ICE NUCLEANT FOR SUPERCOOLD CLOUDS |
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| Zhang Zheng and Tang Zhimei.AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON UREA AS ICE NUCLEANT FOR SUPERCOOLD CLOUDS[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,1986,44(3):347-351. |
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| Authors: | Zhang Zheng and Tang Zhimei |
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| Institution: | Department of Geophysics, Peking University;Meteorological Research Institute of Jilin Province |
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| Abstract: | Urea has been used in our country as ice nucleant in cloud seeding for more than ten years. In order to evaluate its effects in the field experiments the threshold temperature and the acting ratio in ice nucleation of urea particles and the frozen temperatures in saturated solution droplets of urea were measured in this experiment. The results are discussed here. |
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