东亚地区大气辐射能收支(三)--云天大气的地气系统热量收支

本文是东亚地区大气辐射能收支”的第三部分,讨论了如下几个问题: 1.云天大气长波辐射和辐射差额分布。结果指出,除7月份西藏高原地区外,云天和晴天长波辐射分布特征基本相同,而其辐射差额分布又和相应月份的大气长波辐射分布特征基本一致。 2.东亚地区对流层大气热源热汇分布:8月份整个东亚地区都是冷源,在新疆地区和中国东部北纬32°—25°之间有两个冷中心。在7月份整个东亚地区都是热源,在西藏高原东南部有一个最强的热源中心。新疆北部有一个小的热源中心。 3.东亚各地区的地气系统各种热量收支。首先就整个东亚地区地气系统而言,7月份得到热量基本上补偿了1月份损失的热量,但就大气而言,1月份热量损失大于7月份热量的获得。其次各地区各种热量收支特征并不一致。

THE BUDGET OF THE ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION ENERGY OVER EASTERN ASIA(3) THE HEAT BUDGET OF THE EARTH-ATMOSPHERE SYSTEM IN A CLOUDY ATMOSPHERE

This paper is the third part of research concerning the budget of the atmospheric radiation energy over eastern Asia. We have discussed following problems in this part: 1. The distribution of long wave radiation and radiative balance in a cloudy atmosphere are computed. The results indicate that, except over the Tibetan Plateau for July, the features of distribution of long wave radiation in a cloudy atmosphere are similar to those in clear atmosphere both in July and January, and that the features of the distribution of radiative balance and distribution of long wave radiation are fundamentally the same. 2. The computation of the distribution of trotospheric heat source and heat sink are carried out for eastern Asia. It is found that, the whole region is a heat sink in January and a heat source in July. 3. Finally, the computation of various kinds of heat budget of the earth-atmosphere system in the various regions over eastern Asia is made. As regards to the earthatmosphere system as a whole over eastern Asia, the heat obtained in July compensates approximately the lost in January. But only for atmosphere as a whole the heat lost is larger than heat obtained. The features of different kinds of heat budgets in different regions are different.