飞机尾迹云识别及其辐射强迫的研究进展

喷气式飞机在对流层上层的航空活动形成的尾迹云能够影响区域气候,对全球变暖有正的贡献。飞机尾迹云的辐射强迫与飞机尾迹云的区域覆盖率、物理特性以及光学特性密切相关。本文回顾了近几十年来线状尾迹云的相关研究进展,并分析总结了线状尾迹云的不同识别方法。首先讨论了欧美主流的尾迹云检测算法(Contrail Detection Algorithm,CDA)及其延伸算法,并总结了线状尾迹云在西欧、北美等地区覆盖率的季节和昼夜变化特点;接着讨论了以往多种线状尾迹云光学厚度的计算方案及其计算不确定性;最后分析了线状尾迹云的辐射强迫与覆盖率、光学厚度的关系,并指出目前飞机尾迹云相关研究存在的问题以及未来发展方向。

Review of recognition of aircraft contrails and their radiative forcing

The contrails produced by the aviation activities of jet aircraft in the upper troposphere can affect the regional climate and have a positive contribution to global warming. The radiative forcing of contrails is closely related to the regional coverage, physical properties and optical properties of contrails. This paper reviews the related research progress in line-shaped contrails in recent decades and summarizes different methods for line-shaped contrails detection. Firstly, this paper discusses the mainstream Contrail Detection Algorithm (CDA) and its various extension algorithms in Europe and America, and summarizes the seasonal and diurnal variation characteristics of line-shaped contrails coverage over Western Europe, North America and other regions. Then this paper discusses several calculation schemes for the optical depth of line-shaped contrails and their calculation uncertainties. Finally, this paper analyses the radiative forcing of line-shaped contrails and its relationship with the coverage and optical thickness, and points out the problems existing in present studies of contrails and their future development direction.