山西省层状云飞机云物理观测试验结果分析

利用山西省2008年-2010年64架次云结构的粒子测量系统（DMT）探测资料，配合地面观测和卫星资料统计分析了层状云系的宏微观特征。发现：降水性层状云低云含水量垂直方向上平均为0．03g，m^3，中云含水量垂直方向上平均为0．05g／m30对比分析降水云和非降水云系的微物理特征量，两者存在显著的差异，降水性层状云云粒子有效半径要达到10μm-14μm。对云系不同温度层的微物理特征和云中水分按不同粒子尺度的分配特征进行了对比分析，结果表明：降水性层状云在垂直方向上的微物理结构特征非常明显，也是分层的。高层主要是冰相粒子，主要是冰雪晶，随高度降低冰雪晶的尺度增大，在四个典型温度层的观测中，LWC、云粒子及降水的浓度、尺度相较有很大不同。云中水分按不同粒子尺度的分配可以看出，直径20μm、30μm的粒子含水量较高，对云中液态水含量的贡献较大，降水粒子主要由20μm、30μm的粒子转化。

Stratiform cloud physics results analysis by aircraft experiment in Shanxi Province

The data including airborne Droplet Measurement Technologies observations via 64 sortie flying, Ground-based observations and satellite data from 2008 to 2010 year in Shanxi Province were used to analysis macro and micro characteristics of stratiform clouds. The results show that the mean cloud LWC was 0.03 g/m3 in the vertical direction in low clouds, and was 0.05 g/m3 in middle clouds. Compare and analyze the physical characteristics between the precipitation clouds and non-precipitation clouds. There is significant difference： The effective radius of cloud particle reach 10 - 14p. m in the precipitation clouds. Microphysical characteristics of different temperature layers is analyzed along with the water distribution of different particle within the cloud. The results show that the layered physical structure in the vertical direction of the precipitation clouds is obvious. Particles At high-level mainly is ice phase, the scale of snow and ice crystal increases with height, the concentration and scale of LWC,cloud and precipitation particles are quite different in four typical temperature lays. There are different moisture of different scales particles, particles with diameter of 20,30μ m content more moisture, contribute larger to the cloud liquid water, it means precipitation is mainly composed of particles of 20,30 μ m.