积温效应在电力日峰谷负荷中的应用及检验

从电力气象服务需求出发，利用2001—2010年5—9月河北省南电网逐日电力日峰负荷、日谷负荷与对应时间的气象资料，探讨晴热天气和闷热天气对电力日峰负荷、日谷负荷的影响特征。分析发现持续3 d以上的闷热天气相对晴热天气使电力日峰负荷、日谷负荷增长更显著；日最高气温32℃是引起河北省南电网日峰负荷增长的初始气温敏感点，35℃为强气温敏感点，38℃为极强气温敏感点，日最低气温25℃为引起日谷负荷增加的敏感气温临界点；建立了引入积温热累积效应的日峰负荷、日谷负荷多元回归气象预测模型，经2011—2013年应用检验，日峰负荷、日谷负荷预测平均相对误差分别为4.8%和3.5%，提高了预测准确率，对电力调度具有参考价值。

Application and Verification of Accumulated Temperature Effects on Daily Peak Load and Daily Valley Load of Power

Meteorological data play a fundamental role in processes of meteorological operations and services. In recent 20 years, China has rapidly developed traditional and newly observational systems, which produce a large volume of meteorological data and products. To meet requirements of data management and services, China Integrated Meteorological Information Sharing System (CIMISS) is developed by National Meteorological Information Center of China Meteorological Administration. The design principle, system structure and data flow, and core technologies of this system are introduced and illustrated in detail. CIMISS is composed of five sub systems, which are China Telecommunication System (CTS), Data Processing Center (DPC), Service Oriented Database (SOD), Global Data Sharing (GDS), Monitoring and Control Platform (MCP). CIMISS is designed for undertaking a series of operations of meteorological data collecting, processing, storage, retrieval and dissemination. Data cover all real time and historical meteorological observations and products, including 14 classes that are surface, upper air, solar radiation, oceanic meteorology, agro meteorology, radar, satellite, proxy climate, atmospheric chemistry, numeric model analysis and forecast, scientific experiment, meteorological disaster, meteorological service product and the others. Data cover the geographic area from China to global, and the period from 1951 to now. Real time data come from all kind of meteorological observation networks in China, and the Global Telecommunication System of World Meteorological Organization.A set of information technologies are introduced and developed to design and implement the system, including inner system message switching based on message middleware and the parallel file system, classification and representation of meteorological data, the dynamic extension of data processing scheduling and algorithms, the design and application of 3 types of metadata, the management of common configuration information, monitoring and controlling for whole procedures of operational flow, service oriented data storage strategy, the unified accessing view and application programming interface.CIMISS will manage all kinds of operational meteorological data used in national and provincial meteorological operations and services, and supply data application environment for operations of national service centers and 31 provincial service centers. Users can access the data by Web page and by application programming interface (API).