近49年珠海气温变化及城市化影响初探

根据珠海站1962-2010年逐日地面气温观测数据与1979-2010年NCEP/NCAR R1再分析资料,分析了珠海市平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温的年和四季变化特征,探讨城市化对珠海气温变化的影响.研究结果表明,近49年珠海市年平均气温、年平均最高气温、年平均最低气温均呈增温趋势,增温率分别为0.14℃/10a、0.22℃/10a、0.12℃/10a.城市化及土地利用类型改变使年平均气温、年平均最高气温、年平均最低气温增暖0.16℃/10a、0.10℃/10a、0.15℃/10a,对观测气温增暖的贡献分别为46.0％、27.6％、46.1％;四季变化中以冬季和春季较显著.

Discussion on Air Temperature Change in Zhuhai in Recent 49 Years and the Effects of Urbanization

Based on the observational daily surface air temperature during 1962 to 2010 in Zhuhai and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis （R1） data during 1979 to 2010, the characteristics of the annual and seasonal variation of the annual mean temperature, annual mean maximum temperature and annual mean minimum temperature were analyzed, and the urbanization effect on air temperature change in Zhuhai was explored. The results show that during the last 49 years, the annual mean temperature, annual mean maximum temperature and annual mean minimum temperature in Zhuhai increased at a rate of about 0.14℃/10a, 0.22℃/10a and 0.12℃/10a. Urbanization and land-use change result in the annual mean temperature, annual mean maximum temperature and annual mean minimum temperature increasing at a rate of about 0.16℃/10a, 0.10℃/10a and 0.15℃/10a, accounting for 46.0%, 27.6% and 46.1% of the total warming, respectively. The air temperature warming trends were most significant in winter and spring.