对流有效位能计算的新方案

对流有效位能是强对流天气分析预报的重要参数。本文通过理论推导,提出了载水气块和非载水气块两种情况下,对流有效位能的两个新的计算方案,分别记作CAPEw和CAPE。该方案与以往的方案有很大的不同和根本的区别,更加合理和符合实际。编制了相应的计算程序,可以计算两种情况下的对流抑制能量CINw、CIN,对流有效位能CAPEw、CAPE,抬升凝结高度LCL(二者相同),自由对流高度LFCw、LFC,对流凝结高度CCL(二者相同)以及平衡高度ELw、EL;可以预报对流温度Tg(二者相同);可以分析地面和高空温度、湿度、等压面高度发生变化时,CINw、CIN和CAPEw、CAPE等的数值变化情况,便于业务应用和理论研究。还讨论了影响对流有效位能局地变化的因子和预报思路。

The new calculation schemes of the convective available potenitial energy

By making use of the atmospheric thermodynamics theory,two new calculation schemes of the convective available energy(CAPE) are presented for the air parcel with water during its reversible saturation adiabatic ascending process and the air parcel without water during its pseudo-adiabatic ascending process.They could be conveniently applied for the research of theory and meteorological vocational work.