台风“莫兰蒂”登陆前后微物理特征研究

基于厦门市2016年9月14—15日S波段双偏振雷达资料,研究了2016年第14号台风“莫兰蒂”登陆前后降水特征以及它们的差异。结果表明:台风“莫兰蒂”登陆过程经历了登陆前缓慢减弱、登陆后快速减弱、登陆后缓慢减弱3个阶段。登陆前,台风螺旋雨带中对流旺盛,发展高度高,冷云过程较强,0℃层以上存在大量的冰晶。0℃层以下,粒子破碎比较严重,降水以小滴为主。登陆后快速减弱阶段,受地形影响,台风内区发展高度升高。登陆后快速减弱阶段,螺旋雨带发展高度降低,0℃层上冰相粒子数量减少,0℃层以下,粒子之间的碰并增长和蒸发过程明显,降水以中小雨滴为主,暖云过程占主导。

Research on the microphysical characteristics of typhoon Moranti before and after landing

Based on the S-band dual-polarization radar data of Xiamen City on September 14-15, 2016, the microphysical characteristics of precipitation before and after the landing of Typhoon Moranti in 2016 and their differences were analyzed. Results show that the landing process of typhoon Moranti experienced three stages: slow weakening before landing, rapid weakening after landing, and slow weakening after landing. Before landing, the typhoon had strong convection in the spiral rain belt, the development height was high, the cold cloud process was strong, and there were a large number of ice crystals above the zero degree layer. Below the zero-degree layer, particle fragmentation is severe, and precipitation is dominated by small droplets. During the rapid weakening stage after landing, the development height of the inner area of the typhoon increased due to the influence of the topography. In the fast weakening stage after landing, the development height of the spiral rain band decreases, and the number of ice particles on the zero-degree layer decreases. Below the zero-degree layer, the collision between particles increases and the evaporation process is obvious. The precipitation is dominated by medium and small raindrops, and the warm cloud process dominates.