和田市近40年蒸发量的变化特征

利用和田市气象站1961-2000年20cm口径蒸发量资料，对蒸发量的年、季、月变化趋势、年代际变化特征、突变和周期等气候变化作了较全面分析。结果表明：40年来各季、月蒸发量呈现不同程度的上升趋势，年蒸发量以48．52mm／10a的倾向率增多，偏多趋势主要表现在春季、秋季，其中5月份蒸发量偏多趋势最明显。年蒸发量在20世纪60年代为相对偏少期，80年代为相对偏多期。采用累积距平曲线和标准Morlet小波方法对年总蒸发量进行突变检验和周期分析表明，年蒸发量在1978年发生一次突变，蒸发量变化具有4～6年、11年和22年左右的年周期变化。

Characteristic Analysis on Evaporation in Hotan City for Recent 40 Years

Based on the evaporation data of Hotan weather station from 1961 to 2000, the Climate changes, such as annual, seasonal, monthly and the inter-decadal changes, sudden changes and so on, of the evaporation are completely analyzed. The results indicate that the seasonal and monthly evaporation present different up-trend in recent 40 years, but annual e- vaporation is increasing at the trend rate of 48.52mm/10a, and the increases mainly occur in spring and autumn, especially in May. in 1960s, total annual evaporation is relatively less and more in 1980s. Total annual evaporation is tested using the methods of standard Morlet wavelet analysis and accumulative anomaly curve. in 1978. There are about 4 to 6-year, ll-year or It indicates that there is a sudden change 22-year of the periods in the evaporation changes.