浙南梅汛期大暴雨天气分型及诊断分析

利用美国NCEP再分析资料，分析计算了1960--2002年5—6月发生在浙南地区的17次大暴雨个例的天气形势场、物理量场（其中包括Q矢量散度场）。通过分析，给出大暴雨发生时的天气形势分型以及物理量场特征，并着重探讨了Q矢量场和大暴雨的关系。分析结果表明：采用温度场为主的大暴雨天气形势分型简明实用。中低层Q矢量的辐合和大暴雨的发生有着很好的对应关系，非热低压引起的大暴雨位于Q矢量辐合中心区附近，或者辐合中心区南-西南方。利用上述分析特征，指导2005年浙南地区5—6月份暴雨过程预报，取得了较好的实际效果。

Diagnosis Analysis and Synoptic Patterns of Heavy Rain of South Zhejiang in Meiyu Periods

According to statistics, there are 17 heavy rain cases happened in the south of Zhejiang Province in Ma-June of 1960 2002. Using NCEP reanalysis data, the synoptic situations of 17 cases are analyzed, and are divided into some synoptic patterns. Its physical characters, including Q-vectors, are also calculated. The relationship between rainstorms and Qvectors is discussed in detail. The results show that the patterns of heavy rain primary based on temperature are concise and practical. The convergence of Qvectors and rainstorms are well homologous, the center of rainstorm caused by non thermal depression situated in the convergence center of Q-vectors or south to southwestern of the convergence center of Q- vectors. It has good effect for rainstorm forecast in May--June of 2005.