利用地面观测资料参考标定雷达VAD资料气压高度方法研究

针对雷达VAD资料因不包含气压高度信息而在使用中受到限制的问题,设计了VAD资料气压高度标定方案。提出了以雷达站所在地地面气象观测要素作为参考的标定方法。具体为在压高公式中引人多元大气温度递减方案,地面基础要素由雷达站配备的地面自动气象观测站提供。针对这个方案敏感的温度垂直递减率,利用2007年全年探空资料计算得到温度垂直递减率随高度、时间、区域变化的分布,并分别进行常数温度递减率、随高度变化、随时间变化的温度垂直递减率,以及随两者同时变化的温度垂直递减率对标定结果误差影响的敏感性分析,并与传统的气候标定方案误差进行对比。通过一年的实际观测资料试验,结果表明：相对于不引入观测的气候统计值标定方案,可大大缩减标定误差。尤其是随高度和时间同时调整的温度垂直递减率的地面观测要素参考标定方案的误差最小,适应VAD资料的特点。

Preliminary Study on Pressure Estimation of Radar VAD Data Based on Surface Observations

The radar VAD wind is restricted in data comprehensive operational application by without pressure information.To make up the disadvantage,this paper proposes a method to retrieve the pressure for VAD wind based on the surface meteorological information.The method introduces a polytrophic atmosphere into the pressure-altitude formula,in which the surface information is obtained from the automatic surface weather observation at the radar station.The temperature lapse rate is the most important influence on the estimation accuracy.It is calculated in changing with height,month,and region by 2007 radiosonde data.Then four different temperature lapse rate sensitive experiments are undertaken respectively: (1) constant,(2) time changing,(3) height changing,and(4) both time and height changing.Meanwhile, the climate statistic experiment is also done.The results of experiments indicate that the way based on surface observation reduces the error obviously compared with the traditional climate statistic way.Especially the height-time dependent temperature lapse rate is better than other kind of temperature lapse rate.The spatial applicability of the method is evaluated too.The result reveals that the method has high applicability in different areas over China.