地形影响的飞机颠簸及其数值仿真实验

首先利用中尺度数值模式ARPS模拟气流过山生成飞行数值仿真所需要的风场，然后利用飞机载荷因数变量方程进行飞机飞行的数值仿真试验。研究结果表明，气流过山产生的山脉重力波由于风切变临界层破碎，一方面能在对流层产生较强的湍流引起晴空飞机颠簸，另一方面也能在山脉背风面产生强烈下坡风，背风转子环流及低空湍流，影响飞机的起飞和着陆。揭示了飞机在过山脉地形背风面所产生的大气湍流中飞行时引起飞机颠簸的物理机制，有助于增强飞机颠簸的预测能力和飞行气象保障能力。

Simulations of Aircraft Bump Caused by Topography

The equation of aircraft loading coefficient variable is obtained from the equation of aircraft motion, where the aircraft bump is mainly determined by the vertical wind velocity of the atmosphere. The characters of lee rotors, the high-level turbulence and low-level turbulence generated by flow over mountain are investigated using the numerical model ARPS. The results show that the critical layer and surface friction play a significant role in the forming of the rotors and reversal flow, and the high-level turbulence in the troposphere and lowlevel turbulence in the lee of the mountain. This is why the airplanes flying over the mountain region often meet with the strong flight bump, and the effect of mountain on the atmospheric turbulence and flight bump is very important and dominant over other factors. This helps to understand the mechanism of flight bump and improve the forecast of the aviation flight meteorological conditions.