风能输入参数对珠江口波浪模拟的影响

珠江口是粤港澳大湾区的核心区域，台风、风暴潮和巨浪等海洋灾害频发，对沿岸人民的生命财产安全构成严重威胁。准确的高分辨率波浪模拟/预报对区域经济建设和防灾减灾具有重要意义。波浪预报/模拟的质量很大程度上取决于风能输入的误差。本研究基于WAVEWATCH Ⅲ（WW3）的南海-珠江口双重嵌套精细化海浪模式，探讨不同的风场产品与风能输入参数方案组合对珠江口波浪动力过程模拟的影响，确定最优的风场和参数方案组合。ERA5风场更适合珠江口海域的风浪模拟，其模式结果略优于采用CFSR风场的模式结果。ERA5风场+T500方案的组合对珠江口波高变化过程的模拟效果最好，ERA5风场+T471方案的组合次之，ERA5风场+ST6方案再次之。CFSR风场与T471f参数方案最为适配，其结果稍差于ERA5风场+ST6参数方案。T500方案调整高风速下的风能输入和涌浪对风能输入的反馈作用，并考虑水深引起的波浪破碎效应，更适合水深限制的珠江口浅水区域。另外，WW3模式开关ST4的参数方案的表现优于开关ST6的参数方案。 

IMPACT OF WIND INPUT PARAMETERIZATIONS ON WAVE SIMULATION IN PEARL RIVER ESTUARY REGION

The Pearl River Estuary (PRE) locates in the core region of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, where typhoons, storm surge, and huge wave occur frequently and bring great threats to human life and property. Accurate high-resolution wave forecasting/simulation is crucial to regional economic development and disaster prevention and mitigation. The quality of wave forecasting/simulation depends largely on wind input parameterization. Thus, we build up a nested South China Sea-PRE wave model using the WAVEWATCH III model v6.07 to evaluate the performance of different wind reanalysis and wind input parameterization on the wave simulation in the PRE region. Compared with the CFSR wind data, ERA5 wind data can help better simulate the surface wave in the PRE region. ERA5 wind data combined with the T500 parameterization provides the best results, followed by the ERA5+T471 combination. The T500 parameterization tunes the wind input for high winds and includes depth-induced breaking, and thus may be more appropriate for depth-limited conditions. For the CFSR wind data, T471f appears to be the optimal parameterization. However, the results produced by the CFSR+T471f combination are not better than those of ERA5+ST6 combination in terms of both root mean squared error and mean absolute error. Moreover, the ST4 source package performs better than the ST6 source package.