半个世纪来惠州气温的变化特征

利用广东省惠州市城市和乡村的气温资料,分析了半个世纪来惠州气温的变化特征和城市热岛效应对气温变化的影响.结果表明:(1) 惠州城市年和四季平均气温都呈显著上升趋势,其中冬季增温最大,Mann-Kendall突变检验显示年和四季都存在增温性突变,t检验表明突变前后均值有显著性差异.(2) 惠州城市年平均最高和最低气温呈非对称变化,最低气温的增温幅度大于最高气温,气温的日变化呈减小趋势;高温日数呈上升趋势,低温日数呈下降趋势.(3) 城乡气温的对比分析表明惠州城市气温的变化不仅受到区域气候变化的影响,城市化、工业化和人类活动引起的城市热岛效应对其也有重要影响,城市热岛效应的增温贡献率为38.1%.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TEMPERATURE CHANGE OF HUIZHOU IN THE PAST HALF CENTURY

Based on the temperature series of urban and rural Huizhou, their change characteristics and urban heat island effects are analyzed. The results show the following. (1) Annual and seasonal mean temperature tend to rise, with maximal change in winter. The Mann-Kendall test shows that annual and seasonal mean temperature present a phenomenon of sudden rising, and the t test shows that the average temperature differs significantly before and after the sharp change. (2) Annual mean maximum and minimum display an asymmetric change trend, with the rising rage of minimum temperature exceeding that of maximum temperature; the diurnal variation of temperature has a decreasing trend and the days of high temperature are increasing while the days of low temperature are decreasing. (3) Not only the regional climate change but also the heat island effects have an important effect on Huizhou's temperature change, and the contribution of heat island effects to temperature warming is 38.1%.