卫星资料统计全球飞机积冰潜势分布特征

利用云探测卫星CloudSat在2007年12月1日—2008年11月30日全年数据, 构建一种利用CloudSat云分类产品、温度产品、液态水含量产品来联合识别飞机积冰潜势的算法, 并利用该算法对上述时段的全球范围内飞机积冰潜势的出现频率进行统计分析, 旨在为航空安全特别是长途飞行提供一定参考依据。并分析了不同云类型和不同季节的飞机积冰潜势分布特征。结果表明:飞机积冰潜势在全球范围内存在纬向、海陆及季节差异特征。整体上中高纬度地区积冰潜势频率比低纬度地区高, 陆地上空的积冰潜势频率比海洋上空高; 对于不同云类型而言, 中高纬度地区积冰潜势以层云、层积云、高层云和高积云为主, 而低纬度地区积冰潜势以深对流云为主; 对于不同季节而言, 夏季积冰频率较低, 冬春季节频率较高。 

SATELLITE DATA BASED STATISTICAL STUDY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF GLOBAL AIRCRAFT ICING

Based on CloudSat data from December 1, 2007 to November 30, 2008, an algorithm for identifying aircraft icing potential associated with subcooled liquid water in the cloud is built. The algorithm is used to statistically analyze the global frequency of aircraft icing potential in the year, and to provide some references for aviation safety, especially for long-distance flights. The distribution characteristics of aircraft icing potentials in different cloud types and seasons are also analyzed. The results are shown as follows.There are latitudinal, sea-land and seasonal differences in aircraft icing potentials around the world. For different latitudes, mid- and high-latitudes are of high-frequency areas, low-latitude areas, especially in the areas near the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, are the low-frequency areas; for different cloud types, the potentials of ice accretion in the middle and high latitudes are mainly stratus, stratocumulus, altostratus and altocumulus while in low latitudes, it is dominated by deep convective clouds; for different seasons, the icing frequency is low in summer and is relatively high in winter and spring.