近50年塔克拉玛干沙漠和古尔班通古特沙漠及其周边地区气候变化特征的对比分析

利用塔克拉玛干沙漠及古尔班通古特沙漠及其周边地区（包括平原和山区）76个气象站1961-2010年的逐日地面观测资料，对比分析了两个沙漠及其周边地区气温和降水变化特征。结果表明：塔克拉玛干沙漠及其周边地区年平均气温明显高于古尔班通古特沙漠及其周边地区，但是升温速率低于古尔班通古特沙漠，两大沙漠及其周边地区年平均气温的差值在缩小，塔克拉玛干沙漠周边山区上升速率接近或者大于大部分平原地区，而古尔班通古特沙漠周边山区上升速率与平原地区相比总体偏小，塔克拉玛干沙漠及其周边地区年平均气温的突变时间在1989-1993年，古尔班通古特沙漠及其周边地区的突变时间在1994-1995年，同时均存在8～9a振荡周期；古尔班通古特沙漠及其周边地区年降水量是塔克拉玛干沙漠及其周边地区的2.5倍，增加速率高于塔克拉玛干沙漠及其周边地区，增加相对幅度小于塔克拉玛干沙漠及其周边地区，两大沙漠及其周边地区年降水量的差值进一步加大但加大的速度在减缓，塔克拉玛干沙漠及其周边地区的突变时间在1984年，古尔班通古特沙漠及其周边地区的突变时间在1983-1986年，塔克拉玛干沙漠及其周边地区存在5a、7～8a和18a的振荡周期，古尔班通古特沙漠及其周边地区存在2～4a、6～8a、18a的振荡周期。

Analysis on the Contrast in Climate Change between Taklimakan Desert and Gurbantonggut Desert and their surrounding areas for nearly 50 years

based on the daily surface observational data from Seventy-six weather stations nearby the area of Taklimakan Desert, Gurbantonggut desert and their surrounding areas (Including the plains and mountains) during 1961-2010, analyzing the change characteristics of temperature and precipitation of Taklimakan Desert and Gurbantonggut desert and their surrounding areas. The results indicated that the annual average temperature of Taklimakan Desert and its surrounding areas was significantly higher than the annual average temperature of Gurbantonggut desert and its peripheries , but the heating rate was converse, so the annual average temperature difference between the two desert and their surrounding areas was in narrowing, the rising rate of the mountains surrounding Taklimakan Desert is close to or greater than the majority of the plains, however, the rising rate of the mountains surrounding Gurbantonggut Desert is generally smaller than the plains, the abrupt change periods between Gurbantonggut desert including its surrounding areas and Taklimakan desert containing its surrounding areas were respectively in 1989-1993 and 1994-1995, and they all had 8-9years periodic scale; As for precipitation, the mean precipitation of Gurbantonggut desert and its surrounding areas was 2.5 times the Taklimakan Desert and its surrounding areas, and the rate of the mean precipitation increasing was higher than the Taklimakan Desert and its surrounding areas, but the relative margin of increasing was less, the difference about precipitation was further increasing between Taklimakan desert including its surrounding areas and Gurbantonggut desert containing its surrounding areas, but the increasing rate was in mitigation, while the abrupt change periods between Taklimakan desert including its surrounding areas and Gurbantonggut desert containing its surrounding areas were 1984 and 1983-1986 respectively, About precipitation, the Taklimakan desert and its surrounding areas had three obvious period oscillations, which were 5, 7-8, and 18-year, and the other desert and its surrounding areas also had three obvious period oscillations, which were 2-4, 6-8, 18-year.