成都市太阳辐射时间变化特征及对气候因子的影响

基于成都市1991至2020 年太阳总辐射、直接辐射、散射辐射、气温、蒸发、日照时数等气象资料，采用线性趋势、Maan-KendaⅡ等方法研究太阳辐射的年、月、日变化特征，以及太阳总辐射的变化对气温、蒸发等气候因子的影响。结果表明：太阳总辐射、直接辐射逐年增多趋势明显，线性倾向率分别为29.69、20.25 MJ·m-2/a；太阳总辐射2010 年出现突变，突变年后较突变年前年平均太阳总辐射增多497.22 MJ·m-2。散射系数呈逐年减小趋势，线性倾向率为每10 年减少0.6。太阳总辐射与气温、蒸发、日照时数呈正相关，均通过显著性检验。太阳总辐射每增加10 MJ·m-2/a，年平均气温升高0.006℃，日照时数增加1.7 h，蒸发量增大1.2 mm。对太阳辐射增加的原因分析，人类活动造成的气溶胶含量减少可能是太阳辐射增加的一个原因。

Temporal Variation Characteristics of Solar Radiation in Chengdu and Its Influence on Climate Factors

Based on the meteorological data of total solar radiation, temperature, evaporation and sunshine hours in Chengdu from 1991 to 2020, the annual, monthly and daily variation characteristics of total solar radiation were examined as well as the effects of changes in total solar radiation on climate factors such as temperature and evaporation with the use of linear trend, Maan-Kendall and other methods. The results were shown as follows. the total solar radiation increases significantly year by year with the linear tendency rate of being 29.69 MJ·m-2/a. Mutation occurs in 2010, and the average total solar radiation after the mutation increases by 497.22 MJ·m-2compared with the year previous to the mutation. the inter-month distribution presents bimodal trend with the largest monthly increase in May and July while the most significant turning point in August. The interdiurnal variation showed a single peak, the maximum hourly exposure occurs at 13-14 o''clock in Beijing, and the maximum hourly exposure in spring and summer is greater than that in autumn and winter . The scattering coefficient shows a decreasing trend year by year, and the linear tendency rate decreases by 0.6 every 10 years. The total solar radiation is positively correlated with temperature, evaporation and sunshine hours, and all pass the significance test. The number of sunshine hours and evaporation have a good response to the total solar radiation, and for every 10 MJ·m-2/a increase in total solar radiation, the average temperature increases by 0.006 °C, the number of sunshine hours increases by 1.7 hours, and the evaporation increases by 1.2 mm.