黄石市大气PM10和PM2.5质量浓度特征研究

利用2015年黄石市5个监测站点可吸入颗粒物(PM10)和细颗粒物(PM2.5)的在线监测数据和风向、风速、气温、气压等常规地面气象要素观测资料,分析了黄石市大气PM10和PM2.5的质量浓度水平分布特征及其与气象参数的关系。结果表明:2015年黄石市5个监测站点大气PM10和PM2.5年均浓度范围分别为95.8—108.6μg·m^-3和64.3—68.9μg·m^-3,均超过国家二级标准;季均质量浓度呈现显著的冬季高夏季低的变化规律,冬季PM10和PM2.5的质量浓度分别为(143.9±62.2)μg·m^-3和(95.5±44.5)μg·m^-3,夏季PM10和PM2.5的质量浓度分别为(75.2±24.0)μg·m^-3和(50.7±17.3)μg·m^-3。5个监测站中,下陆区、西塞山区和铁山区的PM10和PM2.5颗粒物污染较为严重;各站点大气PM10和PM2.5质量浓度显著相关。大气颗粒物浓度与气象因素的分析显示,黄石市大气颗粒物浓度与气温呈显著的负相关关系,与气压呈正相关关系,与风速和相对湿度的相关性不显著,受风向影响变化较大。

Characteristics of atmospheric PM10 and PM2.5 mass concentrations in Huangshi city

The characteristics of mass concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5,and their distribution and correlation with meteorological parameters in Huangshi were analyzed using the online monitoring data of inhalable particulate matter (PM₁₀) and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) at five monitoring stations and surface meteorological elements such as wind direction,wind speed,air temperature,air pressure from January to December in 2015.The results show that the annual average concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 at the five monitoring sites in Huangshi in 2015 range within 95.8-108.6 μg·m^-3 and 64.3-68.9 μg·m^-3,respectively;both exceed the National secondary standard.The seasonal mean mass concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 are higher (143.9 ±62.2 for PM₁₀ and 95.5 ±44.5 μg·m^-3 for PM_2.5) in winter,and low (75.2±24.0 for PM₁₀ and 50.7 ±17.3 μg·m^-3 for PM_2.5) in summer,respectively.Among the five monitoring stations,PM pollution is heavier in the Xialu,Xisai,and Tieshan districts,and the mass concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 have significant correlation at all sites.The concentrations of atmospheric particulate matter have a negative correlation with air temperature,positive correlation with air pressure,no significant correlation with wind speed and relative humidity,and influenced largely by wind direction.