2006-2012年青岛市空气质量与气象条件的关系

利用2006-2012年青岛市SO₂、NO₂及PM₁₀的监测资料，统计分析3种污染物时空分布特征及污染物平均浓度与气象要素的关系，并分析污染日气象条件变化特征。结果表明：2006-2012年青岛市年平均污染日数为23-33 d；青岛市空气污染主要出现在冬、春两季，主要污染物为PM₁₀。青岛中度以上污染为PM₁₀污染，大多由浮尘天气引起。污染物浓度与云量、降水量和气温呈负相关，与气压呈正相关。冬季大雾易造成空气污染加重，而4-6月海雾则使空气质量提高。弱的地面天气形势和接地逆温层结的存在及持续的烟、霾天气易导致青岛空气污染。

Relationship between air quality and meteorological conditions from 2006 to 2012 in Qingdao

Based on atmospheric monitoring data including SO₂, NO₂ and PM₁₀ from 2006 to 2012 in Qingdao, temporal and spatial distributions of three main air pollutants and their correlations with the simultaneous meteorological elements were analyzed. Variation of meteorological conditions in pollution days was discussed. The result shows that the number of annual mean air pollution days are 23-33 in Qingdao, most of which occurs in winter and spring. PM₁₀ is the primary atmospheric pollutant in Qingdao. Air pollution above the median level in Qingdao is mainly from PM₁₀, which is mostly caused by external floating dust. Pollutant concentration is a negative correlation with cloud cover, precipitation and air temperature and positive correlation with air pressure. Air quality worsens during foggy days in winter, while the sea fog from April to June improves the air quality in Qingdao. Air pollution is easily induced by the existence of weak surface pressure pattern with the temperature inversion layer near ground and prolonged smog or haze in Qingdao.