1961—2010年德州市地温变化特征

在全球气候变暖的大背景下,研究大气下垫面的地表面温度及深层地温的变化,对工农业生产有重要意义。利用1961—2010年德州市0 cm地面温度,最高温度、地面最低温度4,0 cm和80 cm地温;1980—2010年160 cm和320 cm地温观测数据,采用最小二乘法,探讨了德州市地面及各深层地温的变化趋势特征。结果表明：地面温度及各深层地温均有增温趋势,明显增温主要出现在冬季,夏季多为降温。地面最低温度增温最显著,倾向率为0.47℃/10 a,冬季倾向率最大为0.74℃/10 a;地面最高温度增温最不显著,倾向率为0.15℃/10 a。0 cm地面温度变化倾向率为0.27℃/10 a,夏季降温为-0.04℃/10 a,冬季升温明显为0.51℃/10 a。40 cm和80 cm地温变化倾向率基本一致,明显小于地面温度升温幅度,也小于160 cm和320cm地温升温幅度。

Ground temperature characteristics from 1961 to 2010 in Dezhou, Shandong province

Under the environment of global warming,it is important to study the variations of surface temperature and temperature in the different soil layers for the industrial and agricultural production.Based on the ground temperature and the maximum and minimum temperatures on 0 cm soil layer from 1961 to 2010,the ground temperature in 40 cm and 80 cm soil layers from 1961 to 2010,the ground temperature in 160 cm and 320 cm soil layers from 1980 to 2010,the variation trends of temperatures on the ground and in the different soil layers were analyzed with a least square method.The results indicate that temperatures on the ground and in the different soil layers are all in increasing trends.The significant warming appears in winter,while the decreasing trend of temperature is in summer.The increasing trend of the minimum temperature on the ground is the most significant and its ratio is 0.47 ℃/decade,and the maximum ratio is 0.74 ℃/decade in winter,while the increasing trend of the maximum temperature on the ground is not significant and its ratio is 0.15 ℃/decade.The increasing trend of temperature on 0 cm soil layer is 0.27 ℃/decade;the decreasing and increasing trends of temperature is-0.04 ℃/decade in summer and 0.51 ℃/decade in winter.The variation trends of temperature in 40 cm and 80 cm soil layers are consistent,while their warming amplitudes are lower than that of temperatures on the ground,and in160 cm and 320 cm soil layers.