具约束条件的四维变分资料同化问题

考察了具约束条件的四维变分资料同化问题，首先引入解决该类问题的一般理论与方法，然后用有限元浅水模式对具高频重力波约束条件的四维变分同化问题进行数值试验。采用伴随技术方法和约束最优化的罚函数法和增广拉格朗日方法，使定义的约束目标函数达到最小，而得到最优解。数值试验结果表明：以控制重力波增长为约束条件的四维变分资料同化，能够更有效的滤除扰动分量，得到最优初始场。由此也表明了对数值天气预报中的这类问题是可以用具约束条件的四维变分资料同化来处理。

On the 4D variational data assimilation with constraint conditions

An investigation is carried out on the problem involved in 4D variational data assimilation (VDA) with constraint conditions based on a finite-element shallow-water equation model. In the investigation, the adjoint technology, penalty method and augmented Lagrangian method are used in constraint optimization field to minimize the defined constraint objective functions. The results of the numerical experiments show that the optimal solutions are obtained if the functions reach the minima. VDA with constraint conditions controlling the growth of gravity oscillations is efficient to eliminate perturbation and produces optimal initial field. It seems that this method can also be applied to the problem in numerical weather prediction.