甘肃民勤自动站与人工站气象观测数据差异分析

从自动站与人工站观测方式的区别人手，对民勤国家基准气候站观测的数据进行整理与对比分析得出：（1）2种观测方式数据序列中，本站气压2a平均差值为0．1hPa，差值变幅在～0．3～0．5hPa；气温2a平均差值-0．1℃，差值变幅在-0．1～0．0℃之间；相对湿度2a平均差值为-1％，差值变幅在一4％～2％之间；2min平均风速2a平均差值为0．5m／s，差值变幅在0．3～0．7m／s之间，10min平均风速2a平均差值为0．4m／s，差值变幅在0．4～0．5m／s之间；地面温度2a平均差值为0．6℃，差值变幅在0．0～1．2℃之间。本站气压、气温、相对湿度、风向风速、地温差值虽然不固定，但对历史资料的序列连续性影响不显著；（2）各要素中差值最大的是地面最高温度，2a平均差值为1．8oC，差值变幅在-1．7～4．3℃之间；（3）自动站的观测结果比人工观测更真实、准确、科学，更接近大气中的实际情况。

Differences Between Automatic Weather Station Observations and Manual Station Data in Minqin of Gansu Province

From the differences between the two kinds of meteorological observation methods, the automatic and manual observations at Minqin national reference climatic station were collected and contrasted. Results are as follows ： （ 1 ） The average difference of station pressure was 0.1 hPa between the two data series and its amplitude ranged from - 0.3 to - 0.5 hPa; the average difference of temper- ature in two years was - 0.1 ℃ and its ampfitude was - 0.1 - 0.0 ℃ ; the average difference of relative humidity was - 1% in two years and its amplitude was -4% - 2% ; the two minutes average difference of wind speed was 0.5 m/s in two years, its amplitude was 0.3 - 0.7 nv/s, the ten minutes average difference of wind speed was 0.4 m/s in two years, its amplitude was 0.4 - 0.5 m/s ; the average difference of ground temperature in two years was 0.6 ℃ and its amplitude ranged from 0 to 1.2 ℃. Although the difference values of station pressure, air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and ground temperature were not fixed, but the sequence continuity of the historical data were not significantly affected. （2） The difference of the maximum ground temperature between the two data series was biggest, the two years average difference was 1.8 ℃ and its amplitude ranged from - 1.7 to 4.3 ℃. （ 3 ） The observa- tion results from automatic weather station was more real, accurate, scientific and closer to the actual situation than those of manual ob- servation.