新疆气象站年均风速均一化订正与基本风压估算初探

为了较好地开展风能资源的详查与综合评价工作,根据新疆各风区挑选的参照站历史风况资料序列特点,在参考测站历史"元数据"直接进行非均一性检验与一致性订正基础上,对其中4个长期无自记风记录参照站采用标准正态均一性检验、Potter检验、平行累计和等客观方法对1970～2009年的年平均风速序列进行了非均一性检验与均一化订正,同时对测站无自记风时期年最大风速序列的时距换算进行了初步探索。结果表明:1)布尔津、淖毛湖、红柳河站的年平均风速存在因测站环境改变或其它不明原因而使序列间断的现象。从年平均风速序列SNHT非均一性订正结果以及测站四周建筑群体的发展规模看,布尔津测站受测站环境变化等不明原因的影响程度最大,三度间断,累积订正量平均达0.9m.s-1左右。淖毛湖站两度间断,其中1次与近距迁站而又未进行迁站订正有关,订正量约为0.1～0.2m.s-1。红柳河站的1次间断,也与未进行迁站订正有关,订正量约为0.1～0.2m.s-1。2)在构建测站无自记风时期历年最大风速序列的时距时次经验公式中,十三间房站适于西北统一经验公式,其余3站适于在一定阈值风速条件下,根据有自记风时期2min时距平均风速与10min时距最大风速的相关比值系数进行订正。

Homogeneity Adjustment of Annual Mean Wind Speed and Elementary Calculation of Fundamental Wind Pressure over Xinjiang Meteorological Stations

In order to develop detail survey and integrative evaluation of wind energy resource,the consistency corrections,objective homogeneity tests(such as SNHT,Potter,and CUSUM),and homogeneity adjustment of yearly mean wind speed series were carried out during 1970-2009 from four meteorological stations which represent wind areas according to their historical metadata features.During the period of non-automatic wind recorder,how to build the 10-min interval yearly maximum wind velocity series was also explored elementarily based on observed 2-min interval wind data.The results show as follows:1) The yearly mean wind speed time series were inhomogeneous,which was caused by the change of their surroundings or other uncertain factors at Burqin,Naomaohu,and Hongliuhe stations.From the values of the SNHT homogeneity adjustment and the buildings surrounding the stations,the most largely environment influence occurred at Burqin station where the time series broke off three times and the mean accumulated adjustment value reaches 0.9 m·s-1 or so.There are two discontinuous points at Naomaohu station,one of which concerns location moving,and that of adjustment value is 0.1-0.2 m·s-1.There exists one discontinuous point at Hongliuhe station,which also concerns location moving like Naomaohu station,and that of adjustment value is 0.1-0.2 m·s-1.2) On transforming the yearly maximum wind velocity of 10-min interval from that of observed 2-min interval under the control of some critical wind speed,it is acceptable to adopt the experiential formula fitting to the northwestern part of China at Shisanjianfang station,while it is better to employ their mean portion correlation at the other three stations.