基于CERES资料的中国西南地区云水含量和粒子有效半径分布及变化特征

利用NASA/CERES发布的2001～2015年云参数资料，选取高层云、雨层云、层积云的云水含量和云粒子有效半径，统计分析了西南地区云参数的时空分布特征和变化趋势。结果表明:从年均空间分布来看，西南地区液水和冰水含量均东部高于西部，海拔低的地区高于海拔高的地区；高层云和雨层云液相和冰相云粒子有效半径在川西高原最大。从数值大小来看，雨层云液水和冰水含量最多，分别介于90～230 g/m2和100～300 g/m2，层积云最少，分别介于0～80 g/m2和0～60 g/m2；冰相云粒子有效半径高于液相2～6 μm。从季节分布来看，雨层云液水和冰水含量秋季和冬季偏高，夏季和春季偏少，高层云和层积云季节差异较小；液相云粒子有效半径均夏季最大。从变化趋势来看，西南地区各地液水和冰水含量均呈减少趋势，液相和冰相云粒子有效半径有呈减少或增加趋势。

Distribution and Variation of Cloud Water Content and Particle EffecticeRadius in Southwest China Based on CERES Data

Based on the NASA/CERES 2001-2015 data of stratocumulus, altostratus, and nimbostratus liquid and ice water paths and particle radius, the temporal and spatial distributions and variations trend of cloud parameters in the Southwest China are analyzed in this study. The results show that according to annual spatial distribution, the annual liquid and ice water paths are greater in the east area than in the west area, and water paths are greater at low-latitude regions than at high-latitude regions. The annual altostratus and nimbostratus liquid and ice cloud particle radius in western Sichuan Plateau are the largest. The nimbostratus has the largest liquid and ice water paths between 90-230 g/m2 and 100-300 g/m2, respectively, stratocumulus has the least water path between 0-80 g/m2 and 0-60 g/m2, respectively. The ice cloud particle radius is larger than the liquid cloud particle radius by 2-6 μm. Considering the seasonal distribution, nimbostratus has the greatest liquid and ice water paths in autumn and winter and the least in summer and spring. There is less seasonal variation in stratocumulus and altostratus liquid and ice cloud water contents. The liquid cloud particle radius is the largest in summer. From the variation trend, the liquid and ice water paths of all types of clouds show a decreasing trend. The liquid and ice cloud particle radius of all types of clouds show a decreasing or increasing trend.