理想海域中台风引起的潮、流及波的分析 I 开阔海域的情况

采用理论分析与数值计算相结合的方法研究了理想开阔海域中的台风暴潮模型，讨论了开阔海域中移行台风下的海洋响应。分析表明，在开阔的浅海域，台风下的海洋运动以地转流为主，同时又激发出振幅较小的重力惯性流。重力惯性波是由于台风强度或移速的突然变化引起的，其波速通常大于台风移速。台风气压场造成海面升高且基本符合“静压效应”，但产生的正压流场非常微弱。伴随强风的气旋性风场造成的海面下降在台风经过之后可以维持很长时间，从而在台风后面形成一个长达几百公里的尾迹。而台风风应力和气压梯度力的总效果是在台风正前方造成海面上升，正后方造成海面下降。

Analysis of Surges, Currents and Waves Induced by a Traveling Storm in Idealized Oceans I. An Open Ocean Case

The response of an idealized open ocean to a traveling storm is investigated by using theoretical and numerical methods. The results show that the motion induced by a traveling storm in an open shallow ocean is dominated by geostrophic currents. At the same time, small amplitude inertia-gravitational waves are also produced. The inertia-gravitational waves are triggered by rapid changes in the intensity or moving velocity of the storm, the wave speed is usually larger than the moving velocity of the storm. The pressure field of the storm causes ascent of the sea level weak. The descent of the sea level caused by the cyclonic wind of the storm can maintain for a long time, thus producing a long trail after the storm. The total effect of the wind and pressure fields give rise to ascent of the sea level just ahead of the storm and descent behind the storm.