热浪对人体健康的影响及其研究方法

由于全球气候变化和城市热岛效应,热浪成为世界范围内频繁发生的极端天气事件,这使得热浪对人体健康的影响问题成为许多国际机构,如世界气象组织(WMO)、世界卫生组织(WHO)、联合国环境规划署(UNEP)和各国气象、环境和流行病等方面科学家关注的焦点.作者介绍近年来世界各地频繁发生的热浪及其原因、热浪对人体健康的影响、热浪研究的指标法、多元回归分析和天气气候分型等多种方法,同时也提出防御热浪的一些措施.

The Impacts of Heat Waves on Human Health and Its Research Methods

An increase in the frequency and intensity of heat waves are likely to be accompanied by global climate change and urban heat island effect in the world. So the impacts of heat waves on human health become a topic focused by many international organizations such as World Meteorological Organization (WMO), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and many scientists of meteorology, environment and epidemic. In this paper, the frequent heat wave and its impact on human health, some analysis methods such as threshold temperature, biometeorology indexes, multi-variable regression analysis and air mass-based synoptic approaches are introduced. It also lists some countermeasures against heat wave.