夏季青藏高原低涡形成和发展的数值模拟

本文利用一有限区域数值预报模式和综合订正后的1979年6～8月FGGE IIIb级资料，选择该年雨季中三例包含形成和（或）发展阶段的较典型的青藏高原低涡过程，设计了控制性试验和降低高原地形、无地面感热和潜热通量、无凝结潜热、减小温度递减率、增大气柱斜压性、无摩擦影响的十余组试验方案，进行了24 h或48 h数值模拟。最后提出了青藏高原低涡发生发展的概念模式。简单地讲，青藏高原低涡可看作是一种强烈依赖于青藏高原地形，同时又受层结稳定度、地面热通量和凝结潜热控制的局地性低压涡旋。

Numerical Simulation of the formation and development of Vortices over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in Summer

Ten schemes were designed by decreasing the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau terrain elevation,removing the sensible and latent heating on the surface and the latent heating in the air column, reducing the temperature lapse rate, enhancing the baroclinicity of the air column and canceling the fricnon at the surface and lateral the friction within the boundary layer. Then by using a limited -regionalnumerical model suitable for complex terrain regions and utilizing theFGGE level IIIb data, a set of 24 hour or 48 hour simulations were Performed for three typical vortexcases including the genesis and / or development stages in the summer of 1979. Finally, a conceptualmodel for the formation and development of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau vortex was presented. Thevortex may be regarded as a local low pressure which strongly depends on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateauterrain and is dominated by stratification stability, the surface heating fluxes and latent heating in theair column.