我国灾害性天气气候事件成因机理的研究进展

全球变暖背景下，极端灾害事件增加的可能性不断增大，加强极端异常灾害事件成因机理的研究，对提高短期气候预测水平，增强我国防灾减灾能力有重要的理论意义和应用价值。我国主要气象灾害有:旱灾、洪涝(暴雨)、台风、高温酷暑、寒潮低温冷冻(雪灾、连阴雨、霜冻)、沙尘暴(大风)和风雹(冰雹、龙卷风)等。干旱和洪涝灾害分别占农作物总受灾面积的55％和27％，台风和冰雹占11％、其他占7％。本文对近年来有关干旱、洪涝(暴雨)、台风灾害成因机理方面的研究进展做初步小结。

The Studies of Meteorological Disasters over China

Meteorological disasters in China include drought,flood,typhoon,ice storm,heavy fog and heavy snow etc.The precipitation over North China had decreased and the flooding events over the Yangtze River valley had increased from 1980 to 2000.Meantime the intensity of landing typhoon over southern China was stronger than normal.These severe meteorological disaster events occur every year in China and which often bring great economic loss.In this paper,the mechanism and circulation for severe drought,flood and landing typhoon over China are discussed.