地基GPS水汽总量在人工增雨中的应用

利用成都市地基GPS综合应用网的观测数据,反演出大气水汽总量,并结合多普勒天气雷达探测的垂直积分液态水含量(VIL),分析了这两种新型大气水汽探测资料在人工影响天气作业中的变化特征,初步得出了GPS大气水汽总量(GPS PWV)与人影作业前后降雨量的关系。研究表明:GPS PWV与人工增雨过程有较好的对应关系,人影作业后1～3h伴随小时雨量的增大GPS PWV有下降,体现了催化剂将空中部分冰面过饱和水汽凝华核化转化为降水过程。GPS反演的水汽资料结合新一代多普勒天气雷达探测的液态水资料在指导人工影响天气作业和短临天气预报方面具有良好的应用前景。

Application of GPS Water Vapor Data in Weather Modification Operation

Based on the observational data from the ground-based GPS（Global Positioning System） network in Chengdu Plain,the Precipitable Water Vapor（PWV） in the atmosphere is calculated.The Vertical Integrated Liquid water content（VIL） is derived from the Doppler radar detection data.Analysis is made of the variation characteristics of water vapor during weather modification operations by means of those new detection data.The relationship between GPS PWV and rainfall after weather modification operation is obtained preliminarily.The results show that there is a good corresponding relation between GPS PWV and artificial precipitation enhancement;GPS PWV decreases with the increasing rainfall intensity in 1 to 3 hours after the weather modification operation,which reflects that catalysts lead the partial supersaturated vapor over ice layer to convert into precipitation.GPS PWV,in combination with VIL detected by a new generation of Doppler radar,has good application prospects in weather modification operations and short-term weather forecasting and nowcasting.