风廓线雷达天线阵面不平整度对探测性能影响分析

根据雷达气象方程,分析了影响风廓线雷达探测高度的因素;建立了风廓线雷达相控阵天线阵面不平整度对天线方向图影响的数学模型。通过仿真实验,给出了在垂直波束和偏离天顶15°的倾斜波束下天线增益和旁瓣电平随阵面不平整度的变化结果。仿真结果表明,风廓线雷达天线增益随阵面不平整度的增大而减小,近似呈指数规律变化;天线旁瓣电平总体上随阵面不平整度的增大而抬升。工程设计人员可以在风廓线雷达探测高度变化允许的范围内,同时考虑目前国内风廓线雷达天线结构设计、工艺制造水平和安装精度,对天线阵面不平整度提出合理的技术指标要求。

Analysis of Antenna Array Unflatness Effect on Observation Performance of Wind Profiler Radar

The factors that affect observation height of wind profiler radars are analyzed according to weather radar equation. In addition, the mathematical model for the effect of array unflatness on antenna radiation pattern of wind profiler radars is established. The variations of antenna gain and side lobe level with array unflatness for vertical pointing beam and 15° off zenith beam are simulated. Simulation results show that antenna gain of wind profiler radar reduces approximately in exponential as array unflatness increases, and the overall antenna sidelobe level goes up with increased array unflatness. Therefore, it is suggested that in the acceptable degradation for observation height of wind profiler radar, considering domestic antenna structure design, manufacturing level and mounting accuracy, engineers can put forward reasonable technical specifications on array unflatness.