全国酸雨观测网纯水质量状况分析

2005年中国气象局下发的《酸雨观测业务规范》对各酸雨观测站的纯水质量提出了明确要求,从2006年起,年度酸雨观测业务质量考核中增加对纯水电导率（K值）的考核内容。文章对2006-2008年的各酸雨观测站纯水K值考核成绩和各站上报的纯水来源信息进行分析。结果显示：近3年来全站网纯水质量逐年改善,95%台站使用的纯水可以达到《酸雨观测业务规范》的要求,83.3%台站使用的纯水质量达到优秀成绩（电导率K＆lt;5μS.cm^-1）的水平。全站网的纯水来源呈现多样化特点,可以分为自制蒸馏水、市售饮用纯净水、医院自制水、其他单位自制水4类。市售饮用纯净水在台站的纯水来源中所占比例呈现增加趋势,医院自制水的使用比例相对下降。4类纯水水源中,瓶装饮用纯净水和医院自制蒸馏水的总体质量相对较好,而台站自制蒸馏水的质量情况相对不理想,其他单位自制水中的少数质量相对较差。

Quality Survey of Purified Water Used in CMA Acid Rain Monitoring Network

A survey is made of the quality of purified water used in the in the Acid Rain Monitoring Network of China Meteorological Administration （CMA） based on the station reports from 2006 to 2008. Statistics show that the quality of purified water has been improved gradually since the enforcement of the Standard Operation Manual （SOP） for Acid Rain Monitoring issued by CMA in 2005. Averagely, for the three years, the quality of purified water for 95% of stations meets the threshold requirement （conductivity less than 10 μS.cm^-1） of SOP, and that for 83% of stations reaches the target requirement （conductivity less than 5 μS. cm^-1）. The sources of purified water can be roughly classified into four categories, i.e., self-made distillated water at station, commercial-available purified drinking water, distillated water from hospitals, and purified/distillated water from different factories/agencies. The percentage of commercial-available purified drinking water in the total tends to increase in the last three years, and that of distillated water from hospitals decreasing accordingly. Among the four categories of purified water sources, the quality of the commercial available purified drinking water and that of the distillated water from hospitals are relatively good, and that of the self-made distillated water is relatively poor as expected.