CINRAD/SA雷达标定技术研究

从雷达数据质量需求出发,在4个方面对CINRAD/SA标定技术进行了研究。1结合雷达回波强度定标原理,分析了目前回波强度定标过程中存在的问题,在此基础上详细制定了回波强度定标测试方法、操作步骤和技术要求,实现了SA雷达回波强度定标方法和操作流程的规范化、标准化,从而消除将人为因素或测试原因引入雷达系统造成定标误差。2对全省雷达波导长度进行实际测量,并修正了各雷达发射支路馈线损耗出厂测试数据;研制了能注入微波信号的专用测试波导,实现台站准确测量出SA雷达收、发支路馈线的实际损耗数值,应用于雷达回波强度定标中。3将太阳作为微波信号源,根据发布的太阳能流密度等数据,结合实际测量接收到的太阳射电功率,来检验全链路雷达接收系统回波强度。4取相邻雷达等距离线(中点)的低仰角同步观测反射率因子数据,开展两部雷达、多部雷达对比观测检验等。从而提高了回波强度定标的客观性和一致性,更好地为组网雷达提供一致性的雷达数据。

Calibration Techniques of CINRADA/SA Radar

Considering the quality of CINRDA/SA weather radar base data, the calibration techniques are studied. Based on the principles of echo intensity calibration, the test methods, procedures and technical requirements are discussed in detail, and the unified calibration methods and operating flows are also formulated for CINRDA/SA, which eliminates human or test errors of radar echo intensity calibration to maximum extent. On account of the uncertainty of radar parameters measured in factory, in Jiangsu Province, the actual length of waveguide and loss in transmission lines are exactly measured. A special test waveguide is developed to measure the loss of transmission and reception lines in radar stations. All the correction of loss measured above is applied to echo intensity calibration for CINRDA/SA. The sun considered as a microwave signal source can test the echo intensity of reception lines, which is conducted by combining solar flux density with solar power received by radar. The comparative analysis of radar echo intensity between two or more weather radars provides a reference for radar network systems.