东北地区春季气温异常环流背景分析

利用东北地区99个测站近40年(1960～2000年)的春季3～5月气温资料与同期全球范围的温度场、高度场、风场资料，分析了东北地区春季冷、暖年的大气环流异常及要素场的空间分布特征。结果表明：冷春年．东北地区处于高度场的负距平中心，中层以上高纬地区有阻高或暖脊维持；东亚大槽指数的高值年对应东北高温，而低值年则对应东北低温；冷、暖春年的温度场的垂直分布十分深厚，冷春年东北地区主要受偏北气流影响，从地面到对流层顶均处于温度负距平中心内，纬向风在东北地区呈正距平分布，西风带势力较强，暖春年则相反。

Spatial Characteristics of Anomalous Circulation inCold/Warm Years in Spring in Northeast China

By using the global temperature, height, and wind data of 40 years from 1960 to 2000, the anomalous features of global circulation in spring in cold/warm years in Northeast China were analyzed. It is concluded: in cold spring years, radial circulation prevailed in the troposphere; the Mongolia high and the Aleutian low strengthened at the lower-level, and cold air systems were more active; above the mid-level, there was a blocking high or warm ridge in the high-latitude region. The variation of the East-Asia Trough Index has a close relation with spring temperature. The variation of vertical temperature distribution extended up to the tropopause in cold/warm years. In cold spring year over Northeast China, north winds prevailed and the westerly was relatively strong; a negative temperature anomaly center extended from surface to tropopause, while a positive zonal wind area lay across Northeast China. In warm spring year, vice versa.