濮阳市0 cm地温变化特征及成因分析

利用线性分析方法和相关分析方法，分析了濮阳近50年地面温度的变化倾向率及成因。月平均地面温度变化趋势具有明显的阶段性，12月至翌年4月呈升温趋势，5～11月呈降温趋势，其变化倾向率分别为0．01～0．32℃／10a和-0．04～-0．83℃／10a，年平均地面温度变化倾向率为-0．23℃／10a；各月地面平均最高温度的变化倾向率，11月为0．01℃／10a，其余月份则为-0．46～-2．16℃／10a，年变化倾向率为～0．23℃／10a；各月地面平均最低温度的变化倾向率，11月为-0．02℃／10a，其余月份则为0．09～0．76℃／10a，年变化倾向率为0．34℃／10a；各月平均地气温差的变化倾向率为-0．17～-0．66℃／10a，年变化倾向率为-0．35℃／10a。当地地面平均最高温度呈逐年递减趋势，地面平均最低温度呈逐年递增趋势，地面平均最高温度的递减趋势远大于平均最低温度的递增趋势，因此，年平均地面温度呈逐年递减趋势。地气温差逐年递减，大气稳定度增强，不利于近地层污染物和水汽扩散，由此带来轻雾日数增多，空气污染加重。日照时数减少，地面受太阳直接辐射减少，是地面温度趋降的直接原因，空气湿度和降水量趋增、空气污染加重等要素的变化，是地面温度趋降的间接原因。

Characteristics and Causal Analysis of Ground Temperature Variation in Puyang

With the methods of linear analysis and correlation analysis, the tendency rate of the ground temperature for about 50 years in Puyang and the causes are analyzed. The results indicate that the monthly mean ground temperature has an obvious rise trend from December to next April, and a drop trend from May to November, with the tendency rate being 0.01 to 0.32℃ per 10 years and -0.04 to 0.83 ℃ per 10 years. The tendency rate of the annual mean ground temperature is -0.23 ℃ per 10 years; that of the monthly mean maximum temperature in November is 0.01 ℃ per 10 years, and - 0.46 to -2.16 ℃ per 10 years in the other months; the annual mean temperature -0.23 ℃ per 10 years; the monthly mean minimum ground temperature in November -0.02 ~C per 10 years, and 0.09 to 0.76 ℃ per 10 years in the other months; the annual variation 0.34 ℃ per 10 years; the monthly mean air-ground temperature difference is -0. 17 to -0.66 ℃ per 10 years, and annual mean air-ground temperature difference --0.35℃ per 10 years. It can be concluded that the average maximum ground temperature has a year-by-year drop trend, and the average minimum ground temperatures has a year-by-year rise trend, with the variation range of the former being far greater than that of the latter. The annual mean ground temperature has also has a year-by-year drop trend, resulting in less air-ground temperature difference and greater atmospheric stability, which are unfavorable for the spreading of pollutants and water vapor in the near surface. The variations such as the increased foggy days, heavier air pollution, decreased sunshine duration, and less solar radiation, are the direct causes of ground temperature drop, and the variations such as increased air humidity and precipitation and heavier air pollution are the indirect causes.