1961-2004年惠州城市与乡村气温变化的对比

 根据惠州城市和乡村1961-2004年逐月平均气温资料，对比分析了全球变暖背景下惠州城市和乡村的气温变化。结果表明：城市和乡村年平均气温均表现为增加趋势，气候倾向率分别为0.21和0.13 ℃/10 a，其中冬季变暖最明显。城市气温的增温率和增温幅度都高于乡村，城市化、工业化和人类活动引起的城市热岛效应对城市气温变化有重要影响，年和四季城市热岛效应的增温贡献率为28.9%～56.3%。1990年代中期开始的10 a与前34 a相比，城市年和四季热岛效应增温幅度平均为0.19～0.27 ℃，全球变暖效应增温幅度平均为0.17～0.73 ℃。城市热岛效应对1990年代城市气温突变有重要影响。

Comparison of Temperature Changes in Urban and Rural Areas of Huizhou During 1961-2004

Based on the monthly average temperature series of Huiyang (urban area) and Pingtan (rural area) from 1961 to 2004, temperature changes in the urban and rural areas were analyzed. The results show that both urban and rural annual and seasonal temperatures exhibited increasing trends, with increasing rates of 0.21 and 0.13 ℃/10 a in the urban and rural areas, respectively, and with a most remarkable warming trend in winter. Both the increasing rate and range of temperature in the urban area were larger than those in the rural area. Urbanization, industrialization and human activities all significantly contributed to the city's temperature rise, and the contribution ratios of annual and seasonal heat island effects to the total temperature rise ranged from 28.9% to 56.3%. The annual and seasonal mean temperature of the urban station increased 0.19 to 27 ℃ in the last 10 years (1995-2004) relative to the previous 34 years (1961-1994) due to urban heat island effect, and the increase in temperature due to global warming ranged from 0.17 to 0.73 ℃. The heat island effect had a significant influence on the abrupt change of the city's temperature in the 1990s.