第四次国际古气候模拟比较计划（PMIP4）概况与评述

古气候模拟比较计划（PMIP）是古气候数值模拟领域一项重大的国际合作研究计划,其主旨是为古气候模拟和模拟结果评估提供一个协调机制,理解过去气候变化的物理机制和气候反馈的重要作用,为未来气候预估提供科学依据。同时,通过对比分析验证模式的模拟性能,探索其不确定性,促进耦合气候系统模式的发展。PMIP目前进行到第四阶段（PMIP4)。PMIP4进一步加强了与第六次国际耦合模式比较计划（CMIP6）的协作,选取了5组共同关注的PMIP4-CMIP6古气候模拟试验（中全新世、末次盛冰期、过去千年、末次间冰期和上新世暖期),考察气候系统对不同气候背景的综合响应。除此以外,PMIP4还设计了众多敏感性试验研究不同外强迫因子的影响。PMIP4模拟试验不仅为古气候研究提供大量的模拟数据,还将服务于CMIP6及其他众多模式比较计划。

Short commentary on CMIP6 Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project Phase 4 (PMIP4)

The goal of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) is to provide a coordinated framework for the paleoclimate modelling and evaluation, to understand the response of climate system to different climate forcings in the past, and to constrain the projection of future climate. PMIP also contributes the improvement of climate models by comparing simulations and understanding the model uncertainties. PMIP is now proceeding to the fourth phase (PMIP4) and further enhances the collaboration with CMIP6. Simulations of five different periods have been designed to address the objectives of CMIP6: the millennium prior to the industrial epoch (past1000); the mid-Holocene, the Last Glacial Maximum; the Last Interglacial; and the mid-Pliocene Warm Period. Besides, sensitivity experiments are designed to access the role of different forcing factors. PMIP4 not only provides a large number of simulations for paleoclimate research, but also collaborates with other CMIP6 Model Intercomparison Projects (MIPs) by providing necessary variables.