港口集装箱作业设备改造的节能减排效益评估

为提高评估结果的准确性,基于“作业活动-方式结构?能耗强度?排放因子”方法（ASIF),引入生命周期评价和费效分析理念,建立港口集装箱作业设备改造的节能减排效益评估模型,并以宁波舟山港为例进行实证研究。结果表明,宁波舟山港集装箱作业设备改造年均节能1.911万tce,减排6.175万t CO₂,节省成本0.696亿元。忽略能源油井到油箱排放对CO₂减排量影响较大,会使结果被低估8.65%或高估40.83%。不考虑设备改造成本对成本节省量影响很大(高估59.63%),但不考虑碳交易成本对其影响较小(低估2.30%)。节能量和CO₂减排量受集装箱吞吐量影响较大,其弹性系数≥1;成本节省量受柴油价格变化影响最大,其弹性系数为2.73。研究成果可为合理评估绿色港口促进政策的节能减排效果提供技术支撑。

Evaluating the benefits of energy saving and emission reduction from port’s container handling equipment upgrades

To improve the estimation accuracy, a set of models based on ASIF (activity-modal structure-energy intensity-emission factor) methodology were established to evaluate the benefits of energy saving and emissions reduction from container handling equipment upgrades at port terminals, by introducing the ideas of life cycle assessment and cost benefit analysis. Next, the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port was taken for case study. The results show that the container handling equipment upgrades at Ningbo-Zhoushan Port can save 19.11 thousand tons of coal equivalent, reduce 61.75 thousand of tons of carbon dioxide, and cut 69.6 millions Yuan RMB of annual average cost. In addition, neglecting energy’s well-to-wheel (WTT) emissions would significantly affect the accuracy of CO₂ emissions reduction, with a 8.65% of underestimation or a 40.83% of overestimation. The cost savings would be considerably overestimated by 59.63% without equipment upgrades cost but slightly underestimated by 2.30% without carbon trading cost. Moreover, the potentials of energy saving and CO₂ emissions reduction are greatly influenced by container throughput, and the corresponding elasticity coefficients are larger than or equal to 1, respectively. The maximum potential of cost saving results from diesel’s price change, with a elasticity coefficient of 2.73. Consequently, the findings could provide technical support for evaluating the effect of port greening policies on energy saving and emissions reduction.