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Cytochrome P4501A biomarker indication of the timeline of chronic exposure of Barrow's goldeneyes to residual Exxon Valdez oil |
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| Authors: | Esler Daniel Ballachey Brenda E Trust Kimberly A Iverson Samuel A Reed John A Miles A Keith Henderson John D Woodin Bruce R Stegeman John J McAdie Malcolm Mulcahy Daniel M Wilson Barry W |
| Institution: | a Centre for Wildlife Ecology, Simon Fraser University, 5421 Robertson Road, Delta, Canada BC V4K 3N2 b US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA c US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1011 E. Tudor Road, Anchorage, AK 99503, USA d US Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Davis Field Station, 1 Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA e Animal Sciences and Environmental Toxicology, 1 Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA f Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA g 5206 Burnham Crescent, Nanaimo, Canada BC V9T 2H9 |
| Abstract: | We examined hepatic EROD activity, as an indicator of CYP1A induction, in Barrow’s goldeneyes captured in areas oiled during the 1989 Exxon Valdez spill and those from nearby unoiled areas. We found that average EROD activity differed between areas during 2005, although the magnitude of the difference was reduced relative to a previous study from 1996/1997, and we found that areas did not differ by 2009. Similarly, we found that the proportion of individuals captured from oiled areas with elevated EROD activity (?2 times unoiled average) declined from 41% in winter 1996/1997 to 10% in 2005 and 15% in 2009. This work adds to a body of literature describing the timelines over which vertebrates were exposed to residual Exxon Valdez oil and indicates that, for Barrow’s goldeneyes in Prince William Sound, exposure persisted for many years with evidence of substantially reduced exposure by 2 decades after the spill. |
| Keywords: | Alaska Bucephala islandica CYP1A Exposure Exxon Valdez Oil |
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