斜井送排式通风隧道的火灾救援通风研究

公路隧道发生火灾开启横通道后，形成通风网络。本文以重庆地区吕家梁隧道为工程依托，进行了斜井前后不同位置发生火灾的通风网络模拟。结果表明，斜井前发生火灾时，受斜井浮力效应、风流密度变化等的影响，主风机的工作压力降低，而体积流量增加；当火灾发生在斜井前隧道时，采用斜井单抽方式可实现全部火灾烟流从竖井中排除，斜井前设射流风机增压调节、斜井后设射流风机增阻调节是一较好方案；对于斜井后发生火灾，采用全射流火灾通风和斜井压入两种通风方案均能满足火灾风流控制要求，虽然后者需要开启轴流风机，通风能耗大，但火灾通风的时效性要好于前者。

Research on Rescue Ventilation in Highway Tunnel with Air Exchange Shaft

A ventilation network would be formed after opening of the cross-channel gallery when a fire happened in a highway tunnel. The ventilation network of the Lujialiang Tunnel in Chongqing was simulated for the conditions when fires happened in different positions near the inclined shaft. The simulating results show that the efficiency of the main air-blower decreases with increased volume flux when a fire happens in front of the inclined shaft due to the inclined shaft＇s buoyancy and the change of wind density, and the fire smoke can be extracted through the inclined shaft; it is a good plan to install an air-blowing jet in front of the inclined shaft to increase pressure and an air-blowing jet behind the inclined shaft to increase resistance; two schemes of the whole-jetting ventilation and the centralized impressed ventilation can meet the requirement of fire-wind-flow control when a fire happens behind the inclined shaft. The centralized impressed ventilation needs turning on the axial fans, consumes more energy, but is better than the whole-jetting ventilation in efficiency.