正断层黏滑错动作用下隧道抗错断技术模型试验研究

为提高穿越黏滑断层隧道的结构安全性和稳定性，开展了正断层黏滑错动作用下隧道抗错断措施作用效果室内模型试验。通过分析结构纵向应变、接触压力及安全系数，对未采取措施、结构加强、结构加强并施设减错层、结构加强并施设减错缝、结构加强并施设减错层和减错缝5种工况进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:采用减错措施（减错层/缝或减错层+减错缝）后，沿隧道纵向结构纵向应变、接触压力增加倍数由剧烈变化变为较均匀变化；仅采用结构加强措施抵抗正断层黏滑错动对隧道结构的影响，效果有限；通过采用减错措施消减正断层黏滑错动对隧道结构的影响，效果明显，结构安全系数最小值增加8倍以上；通过采用结构加强并施设减错层和减错缝措施抵抗和消减正断层黏滑错动对隧道结构的影响，效果显著，结构安全系数最小值增加25.45倍。研究成果可为高烈度艰险山区黏滑正断层隧道的抗错断设防设计提供参考。

Study of model test for anti-breaking technology of tunnel undernormal fault stick-slip dislocation

In order to improve the structural safety and stability of tunnel which traversing the stick-slip fault, a model experiment was carried out on the effect of tunnel anti-fault action by stick-slip normal fault dislocation. By analyzing the structure of the longitudinal strain and contact pressure and the safety factor, the five kinds of operating modes, i.e., no any measure, structural strengthening, structural strengthening and with reducing dislocation layer, structural strengthening and with reducing dislocation joint, structural strengthening and reducing dislocation layer and with reducing dislocation joint, are analyzed for comparison. The experimental results show that longitudinal strain along the the tunnel and a multiple of the increase in contact pressure from severe change to more uniform change, after adopting the reducing dislocation measures (reducing dislocation layer/ joint or reducing dislocation layer + reducing dislocation joint); if only adoption of the structural strengthening measure to resist the normal fault stick-slip and tangential dislocation, its improvement is limited. It has obvious effect for the use of the reducing dislocation measures to reduce the impact of stick-slip normal fault dislocation on the tunnel structure, and the minimum structural safety factor increased by more than 8 times; it is also obvious for the use of structural strengthening and implementing the measures of reducing dislocation layer and reducing dislocation joint to resist and reduce the impact of stick-slip normal fault dislocation on the tunnel structure, and the minimum structural safety factor is increased by 25.45 times. The research results can provide a reference for the design of tunnel traversing stick-slip normal faults in high intensity and difficult mountainous area.