基于GNSS数据的朝鲜核爆电离层效应观测研究

本文分析了电离层对2009年、2013年和2016年朝鲜核试验中地下核爆(Underground Nuclear Explosion,UNE)的响应.利用南北半球IGS站的GNSS-TEC观测数据,发现了在3次核试验期间的磁共轭电离层扰动现象.观测结果表明,3次UNE所产生的电离层扰动分别以228m·s-1、173m·s-1和147m·s-1的速度从核试验爆心地区径向传播.本文研究提出,UNE所产生的电离层TEC扰动是岩石圈-大气层-电离层耦合(Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling,LAIC)电场渗透到电离层高度引发电动力学过程的结果.此外,LAIC电场可以沿磁力线映射到共轭半球,从而在共轭地区造成电离层TEC扰动.因此,在核试验地区附近以及其对应的磁共轭地区,UNE所产生的LAIC电场在电离层TEC扰动的形成中起着关键性的作用.

GNSS observations of ionospheric disturbances in response to the underground nuclear explosion in North Korea

We analyze the effects of the Underground Nuclear Explosion (UNE) on the ionosphere by the nuclear tests of North Korea in 2009, 2013 and 2016. Observational data from IGS stations in both the north and south hemispheres reveal geomagnetic conjugate ionospheric TEC disturbances during the three nuclear tests. These signals propagated radially from the UNE epicenter at velocities 228 m·s^-1, 173 m·s^-1 and 147 m·s^-1, respectively. This study suggests that the UNE-generated ionospheric TEC disturbances are caused by the LAIC (Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling) electric field or electric current penetration through the electrodynamic process. Moreover, the LAIC electric field or electric current can be mapped along the magnetic field lines and consequently cause ionospheric TEC disturbances in the conjugate regions. Therefore, the LAIC electric field or electric current generated by UNE play a critical role in the formation of ionospheric TEC disturbances in the vicinity of the nuclear test site and the corresponding geomagnetic conjugate regions.