2001年4月2日太阳耀斑及其太阳质子事件的观测结果研究

2001年4月2日, 太阳爆发了一个近年来X射线通量最大的一次耀斑并伴有质子事件, 利用“资源一号”卫星星内粒子探测器和神舟二号飞船X射线探测器的观测资料, 对这一事件的高能粒子响应进行了特例研究. “资源一号”卫星运行于太阳同步轨道, 高度约800km, 和宁静时期的统计结果对比, 这次耀斑后, 星内粒子探测器在地球极盖区（地球开磁场区）观测到耀斑粒子的出现, 这是宁静时期没有的; 神舟二号飞船轨道高度400km, 倾角为42°, X射线探测器在42°中高纬地区也观测到高能电子通量比宁静时明显的增加, 这表明, 太阳耀斑引起的近地空间辐射环境的变化遍及纬度约40°以上的区域, 甚至在40°N附近400 km左右的高度上仍然有响应. 但是, 中高纬度、极光带和极盖区的粒子来源, 加速机制和响应方式却不一定相同, 需要分别讨论. 资料分析和对比还表明, 质子事件的强度并不一定和耀斑的X射线通量成正比, 因此, 近地空间高能粒子对耀斑的响应也不是完全决定于X射线强度.

A conjunctive study of solar flare 20010402 and related solar proton events by the observation of SZ2/XD and ZY1/CBMC.

The solar flare occurred on April 2， 2001 is the biggest flare in 23rd cycle of solar activity, which is companied by a big solar proton event. We study this event by combining the observational results from spacecraft SZ2/XD and satellite ZY1/CBMC. SZ2 has the orbit with 400 km height and inclination of 42°, and ZY1 has solar synchronous orbit and 780km to the Earth surface. The results show that after this flare ZY1/CBMC detected the flare particles in the polar cap region and XD observed an increase of energetic electron flux near the latitude 42°. Morphological analysis of th e temporal and spatial variations of energetic particles after this flare indica tes that particles in different regions have varied origins. Those in the polar cap region come from the Earth’s open field lines and those in the auroral oval and mid latitudes near 42° are particles of the Earth’s outer radiation belt. Data analysis and comparison show that the intensity of the solar proton e vent is not proportional to the X ray flux of the related solar flare. The respo nse of energetic particles in the near Earth space is not solely related with so lar X ray intensity.