地震烈度表的運用問題

確立地震烈度的標準問題,迄今尚未能够很好地解決,許多不同的情况尚待研究,模型試驗還須要做,然而我們不能等待,國家大規模的建設,正在進行,馬上就需要地震資料,來確定必要的抗震措施,使建立在地震區域內的人民事業得到適當的安全。這個安全係數不能偏於保守,亦不能偏於冒險,在尚沒有很好的科學標

ON THE APPLICATION OF SEISMIC SCALES

A general review of historical developement of seismic intensity scales, comes to the conclusion that not one of them is proved to be satifactory. Scales are built up by experience from great earthquakes, in fact, by the following criterrions: （1） personal feeling, （2） behavior of objects, （3） damage of various kinds of buildings, and （4）general effect on the ground and change of landscapes. All these are very qualitative in sense. As a result, no definite intervals between successive degrees of intensity as it should be and wanting of precis on. Moreover, the same test may not correspond to the same degree of intensity in different localities. The so called absolute scales are also not adequate in practice. The failure of a building is not simply due to the impulsive force but also other factors, such as mechanical elements, period of the building and the period of the ground movement. We need a scientific seismic scale of intensity in order to secure a more reliable calculation for construction of earthquake-proof buildings. Such scale can only be constructed under the following premises: （1） wide experience of great earthquakes happened in our country, （2）interpretation of characteristics of behaviourof buildings of our own types in terms of dynamic elements, （3） model studies.