鄱阳湖水面蒸发量的计算与变化趋势分析(1955-2004年)

利用器测折算法与气候模式法,分别计算鄱阳湖周围康山、棠荫、都昌、星子、湖口5站的单站水面蒸发量,以5站两种方法计算值的平均值代表鄱阳湖大湖面的水面蒸发量,求得鄱阳湖1955-2004年各月的水面蒸发量和蒸发水量,结果为：多年平均年蒸发量1081．2 mm．年蒸发水量27．06×10~8 m~3．对年、月水面蒸发量在近50年来的变化趋势进行了分析,表明除5月份外,其他各月蒸发量和年蒸发量均呈逐渐减少趋势,年蒸发量平均每年减小2．79 mm,年蒸发水量平均减少0．05×10~8 m~3,对湖区水资源持续利用和湖泊环境将产生明显影响．对水面蒸发量递减原因进行了初步探讨．

Calculation of lake evaporation and trend analysis of Lake Poyang;1955-2004

Lake evaporations of Kangshan,Tanyin,Duchang,Xingzi and Hukou Stations in adjacent Lake Poyang are calculated individually by using instrumental reduction method and climatic model.The mean of the calculated results of the two methods calculations in 5 stations could be regarded as the lake evaporation in Lake Poyang.In 1955-2004,the average evaporation of Lake Poyang reached an annual 1081.2 mm and evaporative quantity of 27.06 x 10~8 m~3.In addition,the trend of yearly and monthly evaporation were analysed,ie.a gradual decrease of evaporation in the past 50 years was noticed except for May,with an annual dropdown of 2.79 mm and a quantity of 0.05 x 10~8 m~3,which could have great impact on the utilization of water resources and aquatic environment in lake districts.Finally,possible reasons are suggested.