Seasonal distribution of primary production,phytoplankton biomass and size distribution in the Greenland Sea |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Marine Ecology, Institute of Biological Science, University of Aarhus, Finlandsgade 14, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark;2. Department of Marine Ecology, National Environmental Research Institute, P.O. Box 358, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;3. Danish Meteorological Institute, Lyngbyvej 100, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark;1. Istituto di Scienze Marine, U.O.S. di Pozzuolo di Lerici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Forte Santa Teresa, I-19036, Lerici (SP), Italy;2. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Olin Hall, 34th and North Charles Streets, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;1. Aix-Marseille University, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), 13288 Marseille Cedex 9; Université du Sud Toulon-Var, 83957, CNRS-INSU/IRD UM 110, France;2. Biogeochemistry Research Centre, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK;3. Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS), Department of Environment and Geography, CHR Faculty of Environment, Earth, and Resources, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada;1. Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research (IOW), Seestrasse 15, 18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany;2. School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK;3. Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland;1. Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli, 33731, Mersin, Turkey;2. Trabzon Central Fisheries Research Institute, Vali Adil Yazar Ave. No:14 Kasustu, Yomra, 61250, Trabzon, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | The study establishes an annual estimate for annual primary production of 81 g C m?2 for the open Greenland Sea based on data from five cruises and literature data. This estimate agrees well with a model estimate based on nutrient utilisation but is a factor of 2–5 less than published primary production estimates made by remote sensing of this area. The seasonal distribution of particulate primary production in open Greenland Sea waters followed the seasonal distribution of surface irradiance with a peak in June, indicating that light is the primary factor governing primary production in the area. At stations along the ice edge, blooms were recorded in both June and August, suggesting a pattern of repeated blooms during the summer season at the ice edge. Subsurface phytoplankton peaks were a persistent feature in the open Greenland Sea from May to August. These peaks were consisted of actively photosynthesising phytoplankton and up to 90% of total water column particulate primary production was estimated to occur in association with these peaks. Diatoms dominated the phytoplankton community during the spring bloom and in the Polar Water during August. Size distribution analyses of the phytoplankton communities indicated that the relative abundance of large cells compared to small cells was greatest in May as compared to June and August. No significant differences were noted between June and August in the slope of the phytoplankton size distribution spectra. Inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients were measurable in surface waters on all cruises. Only in August were there some indications (altered Redfield ratios and higher nutrient concentrations in subsurface chlorophyll peaks than at the surface) of nutrient depletion of surface waters. Implications for food web structure and carbon flux of these patterns in phytoplankton activity and distribution are discussed. |
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