Sea/land breeze climatological characteristics along the northern Croatian Adriatic coast |
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Authors: | M Teli?man Prtenjak B Grisogono |
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Institution: | (1) Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute, Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia |
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Abstract: | Summary Climatological characteristics along the northern Croatian Adriatic coast have been examined for nine meteorological stations
for the summertime sea/land breeze circulation. The stations considered are Pula-airport, Opatija, Rijeka, Senj, Malinska,
Rijeka-airport, Mali Lošinj, Rab and Zadar. The hourly surface measurements at each station from June to September for the
period 1991–2004 as well as the radiosoundings in Zadar (from 2002 to 2004) were used for the analysis. A dataset with the
sea/land breeze days was formed according to the several criteria.
The mean daily maxima of both air and sea surface temperatures were more influenced by the large scale disturbances toward
north (e.g. in Rijeka or Opatija) compared to the values for e.g. Zadar. Furthermore, the influence of the large scale disturbances
diminished toward the south concerning the sea–land temperature difference only at the stations placed at Rijeka Bay and Velebit
channel. The strongest sea breeze was found at Pula-airport and the most frequent ones at Opatija and Zadar. At Senj the rarest,
the weakest and the shortest sea breeze was observed. The climatological records of wind speed and air-sea temperature difference
(ΔT) showed for Opatija, Malinska and Zadar that the maximum measured wind speed is around 4.5 °C confirming the nonlinear relationship
between the sea breeze speeds and the ΔT during the day.
At most stations, the clockwise rotation of the hodographs prevails which is typical for the Northern hemisphere due to Coriolis
force, with the exception at Senj and Malinska. While the hodographs for Pula, Rijeka-airport and Mali Lošinj display a later
onset of the prevailing sea breeze because of the interaction among several sea breeze circulations, the results for Opatija,
Zadar and Senj show considerably distorted hodographs because of the nearby channeling of the air flow. |
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