半干旱区景观格局与生态水文过程研究进展

景观格局和生态水文过程之间具有紧密的联系和相互作用,在半干旱地区这种联系尤为显著,是地球科学研究的重要前沿领域.尺度效应在两者关系中起重要作用,不同尺度下两者相互作用机制有很大差异.归纳总结了半干旱地区景观格局与生态水文过程的研究现状与进展,包括二者相互作用机理、影响因素、干扰、尤其是人为干扰对这种相互作用的影响,以及模型模拟等.以尺度为线索,在斑块、坡面和流域尺度进行展开.最后,提出了半干旱地区景观格局与生态水文过程研究中存在的问题、热点和趋势,包括物理机制、干扰后的恢复机制、模型发展、流域尺度集成及尺度转换.

Landscape Pattern and Eco-hydrological Process

There is tight connection and interaction between landscape patterns and eco-hydrological processes , especially in the arid and semi-arid regions. The complex interaction between them is one of the research frontiers. Scale, as an important impact factor on both of landscape patterns and eco-hydrological processes, plays an important role in their relationship. Interaction mechanisms may be distinct in different scales. In this article, we reviewed the domestic and foreign research of landscape patterns and eco-hydrological processes in the semi-arid regions in different scales, including the patch scale, the slope scale and the watershed scale. We also discussed the interaction mechanisms, the main influential factors, the effects of disturbance, especially the human beings' disturbance , and the main models. Finally, the problems, insufficiencies and tendency of the present studies are put forward, including further study in physical mechanism, recovery mechanism after disturbance and simulation models. At the same time, we should pay more attention to the interactions in the watershed scale and the scale conversion.